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Hades
Another name for
Hell. In classical mythology, the underworld, the
kingdom of the dead, the abode of the departed spirits, a place of gloom but not
necessarily a place of punishment and torture.
It was named after its ruler, Hades (Greek),
Dis or
Pluto (Roman),
which was one of the twelve great Olympians, son of the Titans Cronus and
Rhea and the brother of
Zeus and
Poseidon.
His queen was Persephone,
whom he abducted from her father Demeter.
The underworld lies beneath the secret
places of the earth, says the Iliad. In the Odyssey, the way to it leads over the edge of
the world across the ocean. Other poets described its entrance through caverns and beside
deep lakes. A location for it is suggested by Virgil; near the volcanic
Mount Vesuvius, where, as Bulfinch phrases it, "the whole country is cleft
with chasms, from which sulphurous flames arise, while the ground is shaken
with pent-up vapors, and mysterious sounds issue from the bowels of the
earth."
Homer described Hades as a vague and
shadowy place, inhabited by ghosts. Nothing is real there, and existence is like a
miserable dream. Later descriptions defined it more clearly as the place to where the
wicked were punished and the good rewarded. On guard at its gates is Cerberus, who permits all to enter, but none
to return. Upon their arrival, everyone is brought before Rhadamanthus, Minos and Aeacus,
the three judges who pass sentence and send the guilty to everlasting torments and reward
the good by sending them to the Elysian Fields.
Related
videos.
Related books:
Ancient Myth and
Philosophy in Peter Russell's Agamemnon in Hades.
Heaven, Hell, and Hades; A Historical and Theological Survey of Personal
Eschatology.
The Stellar Almanac: A History and Tour Guide of the Infernal Kingdom of
Hades.
More books.
Further info:
Hades.
Hades.
Hades
and the Underworld.
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